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Adolescence is a developmental period marked by rapid physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional change, during which the family remains one of the most powerful contexts of influence. This paper reviews contemporary empirical and theoretical literature on how parenting style and parenting practices shape adolescent behavior, drawing on Diana Baumrind’s classic typology of authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful parenting, as later extended by Maccoby and Martin. The review synthesizes findings on internalizing outcomes (anxiety, depression, low self-esteem), externalizing outcomes (delinquency, aggression, substance use), and positive developmental outcomes (school engagement, self-regulation, resilience). It further examines mediating mechanisms — including self-esteem, psychological flexibility, resilience, and the satisfaction of basic psychological needs — through which parenting is thought to shape behavior. The paper concludes that authoritative parenting, characterized by high warmth combined with reasonable structure, and consistent parental monitoring are the most reliable protective factors across cultural contexts, while harsh, coercive, or neglectful parenting substantially raises the risk of adjustment problems. Implications for parents, educators, clinicians, and policymakers are discussed, along with limitations of the existing evidence base and directions for future research.

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